Significance of Nonmetallic Inclusions for the Clogging Phenomenon in Continuous Casting of Steel––A Review

Nonmetallic inclusions are well known to influence product quality and process stability in the production of steel. A step that is very sensitive presence nonmetallic inclusion (NMI) continuous casting. Here, so-called clogging phenomenon can occur, resulting a distinct disruption casting decreased steel quality. The considerably contributes build-up deposits submerged entry nozzle provoking instabilities flow control system. Numerous research studies have been subject different mechanisms related influencing parameters. Interfacial properties significantly behavior steel–refractory present review demonstrates state art concerning role NMIs appearance clogging. Particular focus put on wetting between phases their consequence for deposition process. Industrial observations laboratory methods summarized discussed; potential countermeasures evaluated. group especially prone Ti- ultra low carbon (ULC) steels. An overview current understanding high tendency possible influences presented, considering thermodynamic interfacial aspects.